Larry D. Lauer

A recent Newsweek cover story described in some detail how the Trump organization’s foreign business ties could upend U.S national security should he become president. In a follow-up interview with Judy Woodruff on the PBS Newshour the author described extremely complicated business interests in potentially dangerous countries of the world. He therefore questioned how a sitting president’s family members can possibly run his international business relationships as if it really is a “blind” trust.

If this journalist’s investigative work is accurate, this campaign may no longer be about political ideology or “looking” presidential. It could very well be about national security. Based on this story alone should not every investigative journalist in America be working to verify its accuracy? And if accurate, should not every media organization feel compelled to bring these facts to every citizen?

In addition, are there Clinton Foundation projects related to human rights, immigration, or terrorism that could complicate U.S. foreign policy? Do voters deserve to know more about how having a past president as “first husband” will actually work?

The problem is that the “business of journalism” and the nature of television often favor daily drama over investigation. Reporters are urged to pick up the pace, dramatize headlines and “breaking news,” promise new information when only words change, and cover staged events in anticipation of dramatic headlines more than substance. The unquenchable appetite of 24/7 cable is what led to this situation, but many mainstream newscasts have also been influenced by entertainment values which attract mass audiences.

The debate was interesting. It was good television. But we learned little more than how effective the candidates are as speakers on television. Looking past the debates, if television news continues to focus mostly on the drama of rallies and polls and fails to investigate and report the dangerous implications of candidate entanglements and conflicts, all of America will lose.

We are in the closing weeks of a crazy and scary campaign. Television news must now slow up and bring the best possible research and investigative information to all Americans. Facts, truth and integrity really do matter. We are running out of time… and our national security may be at stake.

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Television prefers human drama and emotion over explanations of policy details. I learned this the hard way as a public affairs producer early in my career. Drama is simply in the nature of the medium. The more information I crammed into programs the more boring they became. The more I used the camera to stress emotion and drama the more compelling they became.

Trump is a natural. He instinctively creates endless streams of drama while continuously “fogging” details. TV producers simply cannot resist him. Think about his recent rally at his new hotel in Washington. His promise to admit for the first time that Obama was born in America guaranteed live TV coverage. His  insistence on not saying it until the end guaranteed total rally coverage. His setting included military “brass” behind him. And his beautiful hotel was the background. And to add even more hotel exposure he required reporters to come inside if they wanted to ask questions. A perfect television event: Great background. Emotional anticipation. Few details.

In this age of imagery pseudo-events are fast becoming a new reality. Trump’s campaign staff had actually already told reporters what he was going to say. Even so, people were willing to watch the event until the end just to hear the “celebrity” validate it. And when he finally did, he went on to preview the next dramatic episode with a clever misstatement of facts.

What’s more, all of this was hours of free publicity for both Trump’s hotel and his campaign, with no new news. In this age of imagery performers with Trump’s television instincts will continue to compel this kind of visibility. That is unless the vast silent majority and politicians with integrity finally step-up and proclaim they have had enough… and the broadcast journalism profession also musters enough courage to do the same.

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With today’s mixture of outlandish statements, outright lies, and name calling it is becoming more clear every day that without integrity and clarity our words no longer have any consistent meaning.

I was talking with a colleague the other day about why he is so afraid of Donald Trump. He said it’s simple: ” Trump said he admires Putin who clearly is a dictator. He also said that as president if he did not like his generals he would fire them and find ones he did. That sounds to me like a person on his way to creating a dictatorship.”

Another colleague said about Clinton: “She has refused for far too long to explain in simple terms what actually led her to put a private internet server in her home. At first I thought it was just a campaign strategy, but watching her fumble around on television all this time I have come to think she just can’t be trusted to do the right thing.”

Without a base of fundamental integrity and transparency, and without a commitment to the accurate use of language, there is no hope for trusting  any speaker we ever hear or see. If we continue like this in today’s image saturated and social media dominated world we will never know for sure what we are getting in a public servant. And what’s more, this leadership uncertainty can also carry far beyond politics into business, nonprofits, education, and everywhere else.

The basic question now is this: “Are there enough good people in media, politics and the rest of society who are disgusted enough to take charge of the situation and set the standards necessary to save the day?  The irony is that the same digital technology that enable this mess to begin with could actually be used to fix it.

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The word “optics” is creeping into journalism jargon. It essentially means that how and where an event is staged and seen either reinforces or harms the impact of the content of the message.

From a communication perspective optics are therefore extremely important. There is no doubt that the setting and impact of the overall imagery of an event play an important role in how audiences respond. That said, how it actually works in practice is always very complicated.

Leaders already in positions of responsibility need to be careful about the setting they chose for handling crises or dealing with major issues. For example, when a disaster strikes it matters whether a CEO or president is seen commenting while playing a round of golf or while moving to a more “take-charge” looking location to manage the situation.

But when it comes to political campaigns choosing the setting can be a different and more complicated matter. A setting for making comments can look natural and appropriate or it can come-off as contrived and artificial… depending on the predispositions of the audiences. And reactions can even vary among different segments of the same target audience.

For example, when Donald Trump recently appeared in an African-American church would you say he was successful in demonstrating a sincere concern for the plight of the group? Or did he look uncomfortable and out of his element? When he read his statement was he convincing? Or did he sound awkward and artificial? In the final analysis, did he succeed or fail in meeting his objectives?

Some might say he got positive points for just making the effort, no matter how he looked. He may have neutralized the issue somewhat merely because his opponent is gradually losing some ground with this audience. Others might say his real audience was not his regular followers, or even in that church. Rather his target was middle class white Republicans who just wanted to see media reports of him making an effort to reach out to minorities.

When Trump met with Mexican President Pena Nieto did he look presidential?  Some were no doubt predisposed to say yes even before he made the trip. Others were predisposed to say no. Then, when he returned to the US was sounding like a different person detrimental to his cause? Or were the same people already predisposed to like him in both situations?

Optics are certainly important in all leadership communication. Setting and imagery do matter. Predispositions and expectations also matter. But in the case of today’s political campaigns there are just too many conflicting predispositions to be certain of overall results.

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In this time of widespread national disruption it certainly is possible to be thinking that we are coming to the end of the road as a nation. Ideologies are clashing, hate seems to be surfacing everywhere, and everything from politics to religion appears totally polarized.,

Basic questions haunt us: Are we fundamentally a country of conservatives or liberals? Do we believe that business success will trickle down and provide opportunity, or that wealth must be shared through benevolence and services? Or have we simply been looking in all the wrong places for our identity as Americans?

Last week I attended a program on jazz and American music at the Chautauqua Institute in northwest New York State. Wynton Marsalis, along with his Jazz at Lincoln Center organization and other friends, presided. I must say it was an incredible experience. Marsalis and all the other musicians and speakers were extremely well prepared, perceptive, creative, and impressively articulate.

By the end of the first day I was convinced that most of us have been looking in all the wrong places for our national identity. The place to look is not in our politics. Nor is it in our free enterprise system. Nor is it in our balanced system of three branches of government. Rather, it is simply in our core ideas, cultural heritage, and arts.

Marsalis and friends did a masterful job of weaving together ideas and quotes from founding fathers, intellectuals, literary heroes, blues singers, jazz artists, theater figures, filmmakers, and those incredible composers of the great “American song book.” Collectively these people were our social and cultural improvisers and integrators.

By week’s end it was virtually impossible to miss the point that we are ultimately a nation of immigrants that successfully blended the down-home sophistication of hard-working people and talented artists with the highbrow intellectual sophistication of an educated elite. Our identity as Americans is simply in the “integration” of their ideas about freedom, their many different cultural traditions, and all of their arts. It is a unique blend indeed. And it is what enables the “life, liberty and pursuit of happiness” that we all enjoy.

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What’s most troubling about Mr. Trump sounding more informed by reading prepared remarks is that there is no way to know anything about his authenticity.

Which Trump is the real one?  The angry crude attacker? Or the slightly better informed one?  And how would such a Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde personality actually perform day-to-day in the Oval Office?

For far too many media consumers constantly repeated lies are sounding true, emotions are replacing reason, and serious ideas have been simplified and polarized into prejudice reinforcing entertainment. The frightening consequence is that it’s now more impossible than ever to know who and what is authentic.

My fear is that when outrageous and cruel attackers begin to sound more reasonable too many disgruntled and still undecided citizens will begin to relax and think that “maybe they are actually coming around.” And what’s also troubling is the possibility that just by softening coverage the news media will actually end up reinforcing this more comfortable feeling.

But make no mistake. The digital media “confusion effect” remains the same. We must now be even less certain which Trump is the real one?

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Cable channels with 24/7 breaking news appetites combined with an even more comprehensive digital technology revolution have produced a wide range of far-reaching and unanticipated consequences. Here is a list of only a few:

1. TV seems real, but isn’t. Camera angles, editing and special effects translates real life into how the producer wants you to see it.

2. 24/7 news creates a constant all-day appetite for new and updated stories, each requiring a dramatic headline to recapture attention.

3. Keeping attention even during a report requires a pace so fast that complete explanations are not possible and comments from experts are cut short.

4. Outrageous claims meet the need for grabbing and re-grabbing news coverage. The result is free and constant publicity for the most outrageous sources.

5. Using stars from entertainment TV and Hollywood guarantees news coverage for causes and political opinions…thereby helping to satisfy ravenous 24/7 news appetites.

6. Lies constantly repeated begin to sound true.  This is the most mysterious consequence of all. And consistency over time allows a degree of acceptance that is contrary to conventional wisdom.

7. The 24/7 news appetite has also created a situation where traditional accuracy standards have been modified. If a source can be named the story will run. It is now acceptable to just make a correction if a statement is later determined to be inaccurate. The problem is that in our new media world corrections seem to have little impact.

8. Social media producers have created their own audiences which enable news coverage based totally on the special interests of those audiences. These audiences often have no other source of news.

9. Competitive back-and-forth name calling in today’s digital world can quickly become commonplace and soon benefits nobody. The ultimate effect is that it totally eliminates taking “the high road” and drags everyone into the gutter.

We now have one presidential candidate who many voters find totally unqualified because of his crude and disrespectful remarks and lack of basic knowledge about the world, and another who can’t find a way in today’s attack-based media environment to come across as genuine and sincere. God help us.

The truth is that if news makers, politicians, the news media, social media producers, and information consumers don’t all soon wake up to what’s going on, we will be facing a future in turmoil with no end in sight.

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Years of experience taught me that the best way to evaluate major speeches is to ask key questions as guidelines. For example:

1. How important is the orchestration of the event surrounding an important speech?
2. What is the objective of a major speech?  Is it merely to reenergize the true believers; or complete the sale with those still uncertain insiders; or open the door to doubters on the other side and independents; or demonstrate the opponent’s incompetency?
3. How many of these targets can be effectively addressed in one speech? Which ones are the most important?
4. At what point does a laundry list of promises sound unrealistic and become a deterrent to crafting an inspiring conclusion?

With respect to the Clinton convention, was the event leading up to her speech brilliantly staged?  Which messages were capable of satisfying Bernie Sanders’ followers? Which messages could bring about commitments from the party’s undecided? Which arguments might convert the disillusioned from the other party? What in the speech will likely be attractive to  independents?  Can all of these be effectively addressed in one speech?  Which ones are the most important? Did her long list of party platform issues raise questions about how all this can get reasonably accomplished?  Will her relentless attacks of Trump make a difference in the end?

My “lessons learned” over the years suggest that events surrounding important addresses must be staged dramatically; that the speaker must not let lists of details get in the way of overall final impact; and that major speeches should only emphasize the most important outcome targets. Other targets should be saved for other circumstances, speeches, and media. Above all, major addresses must ultimately inspire with a vision so emotionally convincing that large numbers of people will accept the speaker as capable  of delivering a more fulfilling future.

Secretary Clinton’s entire event was clearly well staged by professionals. Her speech was an interesting and comprehensive review of the democratic party platform issues. She delivered it with high energy and strong emotional commitment. And she certainly made a convincing argument that her opponent is a self-centered and very dangerous man.

But I am still pondering these questions:

Did her long list of party platform issues get in the way of developing an inspiring enough conclusion?  Did she miss a golden opportunity to demonstrate a capacity to deal personally and honestly with past mistakes and trust issues? Could she then have painted a grander vision of American values so compelling that a majority of voters could now trust her with their families’ futures and fortunes?

And one more thought: Given the new dynamics of 24/7 electronic news coverage, will two campaigns based on daily back and forth attacks on each candidate’s character result in an anesthetized TV audience, and eventually be of no benefit to either one?

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